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Transport modelling

Model transport,
person by person.

Replan SIM is an agent-based transport model built on MATSim: every person of a region is simulated with a daily plan, mode choice and route.

A transport model shows how traffic spreads over the network and how it reacts to measures. Classic transport modeling works with zones and matrices. Replan SIM works with people: each one plans a day on the real timetable and road network and decides again when service, fares or streets change. The result shows effects by group, time of day and district.

Approaches

Two ways to model transport.

Macroscopic

The four-step model works in four steps: trip generation, trip distribution, mode choice and assignment. The basic unit is the zone, the results are matrices and loads per link.

Agent-based

A synthetic population with age, household, income and car access. Every person chooses mode, route and departure time, and the simulation repeats this until the plans settle. MATSim in one minute

Data sources

Built from open data, refined with yours.

Street network

OpenStreetMap for roads, paths and footways.

Timetable

GTFS for lines and departures, added to with your planning versions.

Population

Census for residents and jobs, turned into a synthetic population.

Travel behaviour

MiD, SrV and Mikrozensus for trips, modes and daily schedules.

Counts

Passenger and traffic counts, ticketing data. No personal data is needed.

Existing models

Existing traffic models are converted where suitable.

Build

From the first run to a calibrated model.

01

First run

A first model of the region is built from open data in one working day.

02

Your data

Timetables, planning versions, counts and ticketing data are added in the first weeks.

03

Calibration

Matched against counts, modal split and travel times, checked on cases your team knows. Every deviation is visible.

04

Scenarios

Change a line, a fare, a zone or a closure. Every person decides again, and the result comes as baseline against variant. Replan SIM

Results

What the model shows.

Demand

Boardings and alightings per stop, loads per section and link, transfers.

Mode choice

Modal split per scenario and the shift against the baseline.

Effects on groups

Who gains and who pays, by income, age and district.

Time of day

Effects over the whole day, per hour and time slice.

Comparison

Macroscopic model, microsimulation and Replan SIM.

Macroscopic modelMicrosimulationReplan SIM
Model levelMacroscopicMicroscopicAgent-based, mesoscopic traffic flow
Basic unitZones, matricesVehicles, pedestriansPeople with a daily plan
AreaCity, region, countryJunctions, corridorsCity to region
Typical questionNetwork load, forecastCapacity, traffic signalsHow do people react to a measure?

Typical model types, not single products. Replan SIM is built on MATSim (TU Berlin, ETH Zürich). Replan compared

In use

Studies with Replan SIM.

Studies

MOIA (Hamburg), Klimaschutzrat Berlin, Netivei Ayalon (Israel), IZES (Saarbrücken) and HSU (Hamburg).

Method

Calibrated against passenger counts, accepted on reference cases, peer-reviewed in Transportation Research Record 2025. Digital twin

Questions and answers

Frequently asked questions.

What is a transport model?

A transport model represents who travels when, by which mode and where, and shows how this changes with a measure. It is the basis for network planning, local transport plans, forecasts and appraisals.

Four-step model or agent-based?

The four-step model calculates with zones and matrices and fits network load and forecasts. An agent-based model simulates every person with a daily plan and shows effects by group, time of day and district, for example for fares, zones or on-demand. Many teams use both. Replan compared →

What data does a transport model need?

Open data is enough to start: OpenStreetMap, GTFS, census, MiD, SrV and Mikrozensus. Your counts and ticketing data calibrate the model. No personal data is needed.

How long does it take to build?

A first model of any German region is built in one working day. Your data and the calibration against counts, modal split and travel times follow within a few weeks. Digital twin for transport planning →

Can I keep using my existing model?

Yes. Existing traffic models are converted where suitable. Many teams keep their macroscopic model and use Replan SIM for questions about groups, time of day and behaviour. MATSim explained in one minute →

Get started

Bring one scenario.

In 30 minutes we take one question from your region, a route, a fare or a zone, and show it in the model.

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